Need for Provision of DepreciationThe need for provision for
depreciation arises for the following reasons:
(1) Ascertainment of true profit or
loss-Depreciation is a loss. So unless it is considered like all other expenses
and losses, true profit/loss cannot be ascertained. In other words, depreciation
must be considered in order to find out true profit/loss of a business.
(2) Ascertainment of true cost of
production-Goods are produced with the help of plant and machinery which incurs
depreciation in the process of production. This depreciation must be considered
as a part of the cost of production of goods. Otherwise, the cost of production
would be shown less than the true cost. Sale price is normally fixed on the
basis of cost of production. So, if the cost of production is shown less by
ignoring depreciation, the sale price will also be fixed at a low level
resulting in loss to the business;
(3) True Valuation of Assets-Value of assets gradually decreases on account of depreciation. If depreciation is not taken into account, the value of asset will be shown in the books at a figure higher than its true value and hence the true financial position of the business will not be disclosed through Balance Sheet. (4) Replacement of Assets-After some time an asset will be completely exhausted on account of use. A new asset then be purchased requiring large sum of money. If the whole amount of profit is withdrawn from business each year without considering the loss on account of depreciation, necessary sum may not be available for. buying the new assets. In such a case the required money is to be collected by introducing fresh capital or by obtaining loan by selling some other assets. This is contrary &0sound commercial policy. (5) Keeping Capital' Intact-Capital
invested in buying an asset, gradually diminishes on
account of depreciation. If loss on account of depreciation is not considered in determining profit/ loss at the year end, profit will be shown more. If the excess profit is withdrawn, the working capital will gradually reduce, the business will become weak and its profit earning capacity will also fall. (6) Legal Restriction-According to
Sec. 205 of the Companies Act, 1956 dividend cannot be declared without charging
depreciation on fixed assets. Thus in "Case of joint stock companies charging of
depreciation is compulsory. |